诊疗英语：外科术前、术中与术后恢复对话

一、法术年前打算

Before a surgery, much work should be done to make sure the patient's safety.

送走之年前为了充分患者份的安全性有许多工作要动手。1. Vital signs will be taken and recorded. Tell the doctor anything unusual.第一，要检测并记录一个人病症因。将任何异常情况告知护士。2. All prostheses such as contact lenses, artificial limbs and artificial teeth should be taken off.第二，所有许多现代，例如、假肢以及铁皮都理不对系上。The anesthetist may prefer that artificial teeth be left in place. So the nurse must consult the anesthetist on this.旅有可能则会希望让病症征身穿铁皮，所以护士只能咨询旅的建议。

3. The patient's nail polish and makeup should be removed. You will make it easier for the doctor to observe the patient for cyanosis.

第三，病症征只能除去指甲油并卸妆。这样则会让护士更快鉴别患者前和安精神病纤细病症。The cyanosis often shows the need for oxygen. Hairpins should also be removed because they will cause contamination纤细病症多半断定病症征并不需要要输氧。还理不对系上都只等发饰，以免造成感染。4. The bladder should be emptied by voiding or by catheter. A full bladder could be damaged during surgery.第四，经过排尿或者导尿移出尿道。尿道内展现血液有可能则会在切除现实生活中都受损。5. Unless the surgery is a small one, the bowel should be cleaned by enemas before the surgery. It will prevent much discomfort after the surgery. It will also prevent contamination.第五，法术年前病症征并不需要运用于灌肠剂移出十二指肠，小切除除外。这则会避免很多法术后疲劳症状。还可以避免感染。6. Sedative is usually given 30 minutes to an hours before the patient is taken to the surgical room. It will make the anesthesia easier.第六，止痛多半在病症征入入切除室年前30分钟到一小时内口服。这可以让现实生活展开地更快一些。After that, the patient should be encouraged to rest quietly. A member of the family may be allowed to stay in the room with the patient.然后理不对轻声恳求病症征入入休眠状态。切除室内有时可以无需病症征的一位抚恤金陪伴。7. The patient's chart should be taken to the surgical room and it must be complete. It must include all laboratory and X-ray reports, a signed operative permit, etc.第七，病症征的病症历表理不对带入切除室，并且示例并不需要要完整。右边只能包括所有的检验和X光检查报告以及一份签名的切除许可等等。Allergies and required medicine, such as insulin must be shown on the chart.腹泻原和所并不需要药物，如皮质醇，也理应在示例中都注明。

Excuse me, Ms. Wang. I want to go to the toilet.

劳驾，称王护士。我想去厕所。You need not go to the toilet. Please try the bedpan.你不能去厕所。恳请你用便盆吧。How can I urinate in bed?我怎么能在床上小便呢？You know you will not be allowed to get up for several days after the operation. So you must learn to use the bedpan.切除此后几天你是不无需下床的。所以你只能学术界运用于便盆。OK. Let me he a try.好吧。我试试。When will I be sent to the operating room?我什么时候入切除室？About 8 O'clock. I'll wake you up at 7 O'clock and put down a nasogastric tube through one of your nostrils.从前八点。我则会在七点半夜你然后从你的鼻孔中都插入一根胃管。

Could you tell me why?

你能告诉他我为什么要插胃管吗？We will give you food through the tube on the second and third day after the operation.切除后第二、三天我们并不需要要通过胃管给你喂食。What time will I be back here?我什么时候能被送回这里？You'll be back at about 3 pm.从前中都午早先。How can my wife know about the operation?我母亲怎样了解我切除的入展？She can stay in the waiting room. We'll tell her as soon as possible about the operation.她则会在等候室。切除一结束我们则会即刻通告她。He you signed the consent?你在达成协议书上签字了吗？Yes. What should I do before operation?签了。切除年前我理不对动手什么？We'll prepare you by shing and cleaning. Then you'll take a shower. You'll he a liquid diet for supper.我们则会给你剃须动手清洁。然后你要洗个澡。午饭你要吃饭一些流食。I know. Will the operation hurt very much?我告诉了。切除则会很痛吗？Don't worry. You won't feel anything during the operation.别担心，切除现实生活中都你不则会感受到任何痛痛。You'll find yourself back in the room after the operation.切除后你醒来的时候就已经在病症房了。You may feel some pain and feel drowsy. We will give you an injection to relieve the pain if you can't stand it.你有可能则会不已看似痛并昏昏沉沉。如果痛痛吐血的话我们则会给你口服一些减轻痛痛的药物。Thank you.妳你 二、切除中都

Operator, put me through to the operating room please.

话务员，恳请找来我接切除室。Just a minute. The line is engaged.稍等。目年前占直通。A few seconds later.几秒钟后。Operation room.切除室May I speak to the head nurse?能恳请了当打电话吗？Of course, she's right here.当然可以，她就在这。

Hello, I'm the head nurse. What can I do for you?

爱，我是了当。有什么可以找来您？What's going on in the operation room right now?切除室中都目年前是什么情况。I he an emergency case coming in.我即刻有一个先行病症例。We're making necessary preparations for an acute appendicitis operation this afternoon Dr. Wang is going to perform the operation.我们在为今天中都午称王护士的急性感冒切除动手充分打算。I was asked half an hour ago to see a severely injured patient who has had several of his ribs fractured. He needs a chest operation immediately. Would you arrange for an emergency operation?我半小时年前转给了一个极其严重肋骨骨折的患者。他并不需要要赶紧拒绝接受心脏切除。你们找来我仍要先行切除吗？Of course, I'll make the necessary arrangements right away. I'll phone you everything is ready.当然可以。我即刻动手充分打算。一切打算完毕此后我给你打电话。Fine, I'll be waiting for your call.好的，我等你电话。By the way, please tell the nurse that the blood bank will bring us 3 or 4 units of type B blood for surgical use.对了。恳请告诉他护士血库则会给我们3或4为单位的B型血供切除运用于。Anything else?还有其他要追究的吗？Yes, I'm planning to use a general anesthesia and would like to he an assistant.有，我并不需要要动手手脚，并不需要要一位同事。All right. I'll let Dr. Wang know it immediately.好的。我即刻通告称王护士。Thank you.妳你。You're welcome.不蛮横。After the operation. 三、法术后 The patient is in narcosis, take care.病症征还在送医状态，多注意。What kind of surgery has he had?他拒绝接受了什么切除？A chest operation.心脏切除。Is he allergic to any drug?他对什么药物腹泻吗？He's allergic to meperidine.他对哌替啶腹泻。Did he lose much blood during the surgery?切除中都他肾结石很多吗？He lost 400 ml of blood and received 2 units of red cells.他肾结石400ml。我们给他输了2为单位的白细胞。Has he received any other fluids?你们给他输其他固体了吗？1000 ml of 5% dextrose in distilled water.1000毫升计有5%的蒸馏水。 四、切除后动手术与医护

After the operation, the surgical patient often needs intensive care.

切除此后，外科患者多半并不需要要促入医护。Here there are some reasons. Of course, some common problems will occur.这其中都有一些原因。当然，也则会有一些类似情况再次出现。The problems can be expected and therefore anticipated.这些情况是可以意识到的。After the operation, patients often need hemodynamic monitoring.切除此后并不需要要对患者展开血流流体力学监护。Many of the conditions are related to basic medical problems.患者的很多症状与整体的临床情况之外。Some patients will he intraoperative hemorrhage or postoperative infection.一些患者则会再次出现法术中都出血或法术后感染。

It may lead to instability. So the patient needs special care.

这则会导致切除后病症情回复不比较稳定。因此患者并不需要要同样看护。This will be much more common after emergency surgical procedures.这种情况在抢救切除患者身上极其类似。If patients suddenly decompensate, they need to be taken into the intensive care unit, ICU.如果患者接二连三代谢功能障碍，并不需要要将其送入重症促入医护病症房。Patients with severe blunt or penetrating trauma will also suffer from hemodynamic instability.钝挫伤及穿透性心理压力病症征还则会再次出现血流流体力学不比较稳定。Very often, they will he an immediate inflammatory response which is caused by severe bone and soft tissue injury.他们很有可能则会再次出现急性炎症加成，这是由极其严重骨质或者结节受伤所致。If hypovolemic shock occurs, then it shows that the injury is serious. The patient sometimes needs blood transfusion to correct the deficit.如果再次出现偏高血容量性休克，这断定伤势极其严重。有时并不需要要对患者展开肾衰竭来补充其体内血液。Occasionally, the patient's physiological changes call for critical care.患者的生理变化时常也则会并不需要要同样监护。If patients he nontrauma emergencies that are related to perforated viscous or necrotic bowel, an even greater total body insult will occur.如果非痉挛病症症的抢救病症征的病症症与肠穿孔阻尼或肠坏死有关，那么病症征整个机体有可能则会受其制约。Each insult leads to a systemic inflammatory response.这些制约则会分别导致各个内脏的更进一步炎症加成。It may progress to multi-organ failure if appropriate intervention is not provided.如果不采取有效治疗，病症征有可能再次出现多内脏功能衰竭 。Collectively, these surgical patients cover the majority of the patients who he to be sent to the ICU.总而言之，重症病房病症房的病症征大部分是外科切除病症征。 五、法术后回复

Ms. Wang, I'm hing a pain here.

称王护士，我这里很痛。I'll give you pain relieving medicine.我给你先于一些止痛药。It's better now. But I'm a little thirsty. Would you please give me some water?直到现在好些了。但是我很渴。你可以给我一些水喝吗？I'm afraid I can't. But I can moisten your lips to quench your thirst.抱歉，反倒你直到现在不可以喝水。但是我可以在你的下巴上蘸一些水找来你解渴。Thanks. When can I drink?妳。我什么时候可以喝水？When your bowel is sound and gag reflex returns.并不需要要等你的肠鸣音和咽光线回复此后才可以喝。Then I can eat something?那时我就可以吃饭好像了吗？I'm afraid you can't.反倒不行。When can I eat?我什么时候才可以吃饭好像？

You can take a liquid diet on the 1st postoperative day. You will gradually increase to a soft diet and regular meals after the 4th postoperative day.

切除一天此后你可以吃饭一些流食。然后你慢慢地可以吃饭软食，切除四天此后就可以正常进餐了。What's the liquid diet?流食是什么？It consists of liquids that don't irritate or cause gas formation, for example, tea, coffee, strained food or vegetable juice and fat-free broth.流食以无刺激作用或者不则会导致气体显现出的固体为主，例如酒、果汁、过滤食品、蔬菜汁和无脂汤。What's the soft diet?软食是什么？It includes soup, fish, eggs but not fried, bean curd, noodles, dumplings and so on.软食包括汤、鳗鱼、非水煮鸡蛋、煎饼、面条、饺子等等。Which kind of food should I oid?我理不对避免吃饭哪些食物呢？Rich pastries, hey salad dressing, fried food, lard, etc.油腻的小食、极少的色拉酱调味料、水煮食品、猪油等。Anything important?还有什么并不需要要同样注意的吗？Yes, you'll do some breathing exercise tomorrow.有，明日你并不需要要动手一些吞咽体能训练。Why?为什么？The exercise will help prevent respiratory complications.吞咽体能训练可以持续性吞咽系统并发症。Will you help do the exercise or I do it myself?我要自己动手体能训练吗，还是你则会评量我？I'll help you and give you some advice.我则会找来你，给你和安一些建议。Can you tell me now how I will do it?你直到现在可以告诉他我怎样动手吗？Of course. Press your incision, breathe deeply and then cough. I will raise the head of your bed.当然可以。插入切除切口，深吞咽然后咳嗽。我则会把你的床头升高一些。I see.我告诉了。Please press the button when you feel discomfort.如果你不已有什么疲劳的话恳请按呼叫器。I will. Thank you.我则会的，妳你。